Kavli Affiliate: Andrei Faraon
| First 5 Authors: Andrei Ruskuc, Chun-Ju Wu, Jake Rochman, Joonhee Choi, Andrei Faraon
| Summary:
Solid-state nuclear spins surrounding individual, optically addressable
qubits provide a crucial resource for quantum networks, computation and
simulation. While hosts with sparse nuclear spin baths are typically chosen to
mitigate qubit decoherence, developing coherent quantum systems in nuclear
spin-rich hosts enables exploration of a much broader range of materials for
quantum information applications. The collective modes of these dense nuclear
spin ensembles provide a natural basis for quantum storage, however, utilizing
them as a resource for single spin qubits has thus far remained elusive. Here,
by using a highly coherent, optically addressed 171Yb3+ qubit doped into a
nuclear spin-rich yttrium orthovanadate crystal, we develop a robust quantum
control protocol to manipulate the multi-level nuclear spin states of
neighbouring 51V5+ lattice ions. Via a dynamically-engineered spin exchange
interaction, we polarise this nuclear spin ensemble, generate collective spin
excitations, and subsequently use them to implement a long-lived quantum
memory. We additionally demonstrate preparation and measurement of maximally
entangled 171Yb–51V Bell states. Unlike conventional, disordered nuclear spin
based quantum memories, our platform is deterministic and reproducible,
ensuring identical quantum registers for all 171Yb qubits. Our approach
provides a framework for utilising the complex structure of dense nuclear spin
baths, paving the way for building large-scale quantum networks using single
rare-earth ion qubits.
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