Kavli Affiliate: Susan Clark | Summary:We discuss the model of astrophysical emission at millimeter wavelengths used to characterize foregrounds in the multi-frequency power spectra of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 6 (DR6), expanding on Louis et al. (2025). We detail several tests to validate the capability of the DR6 parametric foreground model to […]
Kavli Affiliate: Hsiao-Mei (Sherry) Cho| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:Joint attention is a critical marker of early social-communicative development, yet remains difficult for caregivers to assess without expert guidance. In this work, we explore how multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can be aligned with the reasoning processes of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) […]
Kavli Affiliate: Risa H. Wechsler | First 5 Authors: Bryce Wedig, Tansu Daylan, Simon Birrer, Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine, Cora Dvorkin | Summary: Galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lenses can constrain dark matter models and the Lambda Cold Dark Matter cosmological paradigm at sub-galactic scales. Currently, there is a dearth of images of these rare systems with high signal-to-noise […]
Kavli Affiliate: Peter W. Graham | First 5 Authors: Peter W. Graham, Davide Racco, , , | Summary: The QCD axion has important connections to early universe cosmology. For example, it is often said that isocurvature limits rule out a combination of high axion decay constant, $f_a$, and high inflationary Hubble scale, $H_I$. High scales […]
Kavli Affiliate: Peter Graham | Summary:The QCD axion has important connections to early universe cosmology. For example, it is often said that isocurvature limits rule out a combination of high axion decay constant, $f_a$, and high inflationary Hubble scale, $H_I$. High scales are theoretically motivated, so it is important to ask how robust this constraint […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zeeshan Ahmed | Summary:Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) emerged as a promising solution for generating truly random numbers. In the present article, we give an overview of QRNGs highlighting the merits and demerits of various strategies briefly. Then opting for the best-case scenario, we present the in-depth experimental explorations for building and characterizing […]
Kavli Affiliate: Hsiao-Mei (Sherry) Cho| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:Recent advances in text-to-video diffusion models have enabled high-quality video synthesis, but controllable generation remains challenging, particularly under limited data and compute. Existing fine-tuning methods for conditional generation often rely on external encoders or architectural modifications, which demand large datasets and are […]
Kavli Affiliate: Hsiao-Mei (Sherry) Cho| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:Natural language processing (NLP) now shapes many aspects of our world, yet its potential for positive social impact is underexplored. This paper surveys work in “NLP for Social Good" (NLP4SG) across nine domains relevant to global development and risk agendas, summarizing principal […]
Kavli Affiliate: Roger Blandford | Summary:Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays, UHECR, are charged particles with energies between $sim10^18,rm eV$ and $sim3times10^20,rm eVsim50,rm J$. They exhibit fundamental physics at energies inaccessible to terrestrial accelerators, challenge experimental physics and connect strongly to astronomical observations through electromagnetic, neutrino and even gravitational wave channels. There has been much theoretical […]
Kavli Affiliate: Hsiao-Mei (Sherry) Cho| First 5 Authors: [#item_custom_name[1, [#item_custom_name[2, [#item_custom_name[3, [#item_custom_name[4, [#item_custom_name[5| Summary:We establish an optimal Calderón-Zygmund theory for nonuniformly elliptic double phase problems with matrix weights. For $1<p<q<infty$, $a(cdot)in C^0,α(Ω)$ ($0<αle1$), and a symmetric, almost everywhere positive definite matrix weight $M$ with $|M(x)|,|M(x)^-1|leΛ$ for some constant $Λge 1$ and small $|log M|_mathrmBMO$, we […]