Production of Ammonia Makes Venusian Clouds Habitable and Explains Observed Cloud-Level Chemical Anomalies

Kavli Affiliate: Sara Seager | First 5 Authors: William Bains, Janusz J. Petkowski, Paul B. Rimmer, Sara Seager, | Summary: The atmosphere of Venus remains mysterious, with many outstanding chemical connundra. These include: the unexpected presence of ~10 ppm O2 in the cloud layers; an unknown composition of large particles in the lower cloud layers; […]


Continue.. Production of Ammonia Makes Venusian Clouds Habitable and Explains Observed Cloud-Level Chemical Anomalies

Covariance matrices for variance-suppressed simulations

Kavli Affiliate: Risa H. Wechsler | First 5 Authors: Tony Zhang, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Risa H. Wechsler, Shadab Alam, Joseph DeRose | Summary: Cosmological $N$-body simulations provide numerical predictions of the structure of the universe against which to compare data from ongoing and future surveys. The growing volume of the surveyed universe, however, requires increasingly large […]


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Gravitationally Mediated Entanglement: Newtonian Field vs. Gravitons

Kavli Affiliate: Robert M. Wald | First 5 Authors: Daine L. Danielson, Gautam Satishchandran, Robert M. Wald, , | Summary: We argue that if the Newtonian gravitational field of a body can mediate entanglement with another body, then it should also be possible for the body producing the Newtonian field to entangle directly with on-shell […]


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Deep XMM-Newton Observations of an X-ray Weak, Broad Absorption Line Quasar at $z=6.5$

Kavli Affiliate: Ran Wang | First 5 Authors: Jinyi Yang, Xiaohui Fan, Feige Wang, Giorgio Lanzuisi, Riccardo Nanni | Summary: We report X-ray observations of the most distant known gravitationally lensed quasar, J0439+1634 at $z=6.52$, which is also a broad absorption line (BAL) quasar, using the XMM-Newton Observatory. With a 130 ks exposure, the quasar […]


Continue.. Deep XMM-Newton Observations of an X-ray Weak, Broad Absorption Line Quasar at $z=6.5$

HyperSegNAS: Bridging One-Shot Neural Architecture Search with 3D Medical Image Segmentation using HyperNet

Kavli Affiliate: Cheng Peng | First 5 Authors: Cheng Peng, Andriy Myronenko, Ali Hatamizadeh, Vish Nath, Md Mahfuzur Rahman Siddiquee | Summary: Semantic segmentation of 3D medical images is a challenging task due to the high variability of the shape and pattern of objects (such as organs or tumors). Given the recent success of deep […]


Continue.. HyperSegNAS: Bridging One-Shot Neural Architecture Search with 3D Medical Image Segmentation using HyperNet

Lessons for adaptive mesh refinement in numerical relativity

Kavli Affiliate: Ulrich Sperhake | First 5 Authors: Miren Radia, Ulrich Sperhake, Amelia Drew, Katy Clough, Pau Figueras | Summary: We demonstrate the flexibility and utility of the Berger-Rigoutsos Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) algorithm used in the open-source numerical relativity code GRChombo for generating gravitational waveforms from binary black-hole inspirals, and for studying other problems […]


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Anisotropies in Cosmological 21 cm Background by Oscillons/I-balls of Ultra-light Axion-like Particle

Kavli Affiliate: Masahiro Kawasaki | First 5 Authors: Masahiro Kawasaki, Kazuyoshi Miyazaki, Kai Murai, Hiromasa Nakatsuka, Eisuke Sonomoto | Summary: Ultra-light axion-like particle (ULAP) with mass $m sim 10^{-22} ~mathrm{eV}$ has recently been attracting attention as a possible solution to the small-scale crisis. ULAP forms quasi-stable objects called oscillons/I-balls, which can survive up to a […]


Continue.. Anisotropies in Cosmological 21 cm Background by Oscillons/I-balls of Ultra-light Axion-like Particle

A background-free optically levitated charge sensor

Kavli Affiliate: Giorgio Gratta | First 5 Authors: Nadav Priel, Alexander Fieguth, Charles P. Blakemore, Emmett Hough, Akio Kawasaki | Summary: Optically levitated macroscopic objects are a powerful tool in the field of force sensing, owing to high sensitivity, absolute force calibration, environmental isolation and the advanced degree of control over their dynamics that have […]


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Realizing symmetry-protected topological phases in a spin-1/2 chain with next-nearest neighbor hopping on superconducting qubits

Kavli Affiliate: Austin J. Minnich | First 5 Authors: Adrian T. K. Tan, Shi-Ning Sun, Ruslan N. Tazhigulov, Garnet Kin-Lic Chan, Austin J. Minnich | Summary: The realization of novel phases of matter on quantum simulators is a topic of intense interest. Digital quantum computers offer a route to prepare topological phases with interactions that […]


Continue.. Realizing symmetry-protected topological phases in a spin-1/2 chain with next-nearest neighbor hopping on superconducting qubits