Kavli Affiliate: Lijing Shao | Summary:Neutron stars (NSs) are excellent laboratories for testing gravity theories as they are strongly self-gravitating bodies and have rich observational phenomena. However, strong-field gravity effects in NS could be degenerate with their equation of state (EOS) which is largely unknown. Fortunately, there exist the so-called universal relations among the NS […]
Kavli Affiliate: Luis Ho | Summary:The early growth of high-redshift quasars and their host galaxies raises critical questions about their cosmic evolution. We exploit the angular resolution and sensitivity of NIRCam to investigate the host galaxies of 31 quasars at $4lesssim zlesssim7$ drawn from multiple JWST surveys. Using a new multi-band forward-modeling code (textscGalfitS) that […]
Kavli Affiliate: Luis Ho | Summary:James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed a new class of high-redshift, very red, compact broad-line sources, termed as "little red dots" (LRDs). The physical mechanism driving these properties remains elusive. We construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with spectroscopic redshift for 28 LRDs and find they exhibit V-shaped SEDs with […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Joel Jang, Seonghyeon Ye, Zongyu Lin, Jiannan Xiang, Johan Bjorck | Summary: We introduce DreamGen, a simple yet highly effective 4-stage pipeline for training robot policies that generalize across behaviors and environments through neural trajectories – synthetic robot data generated from video world models. DreamGen leverages state-of-the-art […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Jing Wang, Jing Wang, , , | Summary: Let $G$ be a finite abelian group of order $n$, and for each $ain G$ and integer $1le hle n$ let $mathcalF_a(h)$ denote the family of all $h$-element subsets of $G$ whose sum is $a$. A problem posed by […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ke Wang | First 5 Authors: Anjiang Wei, Anjiang Wei, , , | Summary: Superoptimization is the task of transforming a program into a faster one while preserving its input-output behavior. In this work, we investigate whether large language models (LLMs) can serve as superoptimizers, generating assembly programs that outperform code already optimized […]
Kavli Affiliate: Linhua Jiang | Summary:Hyperspectral image (HSI) analysis plays a critical role in remote sensing, agriculture, and environmental monitoring. However, traditional methods often struggle to handle the high dimensionality, spectral redundancy, and noise inherent in HSI data, limiting their accuracy and scalability. Recently, diffusion models including denoising diffusion probabilistic models and other generative frameworks […]
Kavli Affiliate: Feng Yuan | First 5 Authors: Yifan Gao, Yaoxian Dong, Wenbin Wu, Chaoyang Ge, Feng Yuan | Summary: Accurate lymph node metastasis (LNM) assessment in rectal cancer is essential for treatment planning, yet current MRI-based evaluation shows unsatisfactory accuracy, leading to suboptimal clinical decisions. Developing automated systems also faces significant obstacles, primarily the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Feng Yuan | First 5 Authors: Rohan Dahale, Ilje Cho, Kotaro Moriyama, Kaj Wiik, Paul Tiede | Summary: We investigate the origin of the elliptical ring structure observed in the images of the supermassive black hole M87*, aiming to disentangle contributions from gravitational, astrophysical, and imaging effects. Leveraging the enhanced capabilities of the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li | First 5 Authors: Yacheng Kang, Jin-Ping Zhu, Yu-Han Yang, Ziming Wang, Eleonora Troja | Summary: The recent detections of bright optical/infrared kilonova signals following two long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), GRB 211211A and GRB 230307A, have significantly challenged the traditional classification of GRBs. These merger-driven LGRBs may represent a distinct GRB […]